意大利语高级语法:祈使句
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意大利语高级语法:祈使句
The
imperative verb forms are used to give orders or advice, to urge strongly, and
to exhort. It is a simple tense—in the sense that it isn't compound—and has only
one form, the present. Furthermore, you can address your command only to an
informal form of "you": tu or voi, depending on whether you are talking to one
or more people.
When conjugating a first-conjugation Italian verb, the familiar singular (tu) command is the same as the third-person singular (Lei) form of the present indicative, and the plural voi command is the same as the voi form of the present indicative (see the table below).
FIRST-CONJUGATION VERB IMPERATIVES | ||
INFINITIVE |
TU |
VOI |
cantare |
Canta! |
Cantate! |
mangiare |
Mangia! |
Mangiate! |
parlare |
Parla! |
Parlate! |
The familiar commands for regular -ere and -ire verbs are the same as the tu and voi forms of the present indicative (see the table below).
SECOND- AND THIRD-CONJUGATION VERB IMPERATIVES | ||
INFINITIVE |
TU |
VOI |
dormire |
Dormi! |
Dormite! |
finire |
Finisci! |
Finite! |
pulire |
Pulisci! |
Pulite! |
salire |
Sali! |
Salite! |
scrivere |
Scrivi! |
Scrivete! |
vendere |
Vendi! |
Vendete! |
Although the imperative conjugation has a form you're already familiar with, there are some Italian verbs that have irregular forms for the familiar commands in the tu and voi forms (see the table below).
SECOND- AND THIRD-CONJUGATION VERB IMPERATIVES | ||
INFINITIVE |
TU |
VOI |
andare(to walk) |
Va'! |
Andate! |
avere(to have) |
Abbi! |
Abbiate! |
dare(to give) |
Da'! |
Date! |
dire(to say, to tell) |
Di'! |
Dite! |
essere(to be) |
Sii! |
Siate! |
fare(to make) |
Fa'! |
Fate! |
sapere(to know) |
Sappi! |
Sappiate! |
stare(to stay) |
Sta'! |
State! |